The steering and splitting of beams at higher mm-wave and THz frequencies has recently been discussed in "-near-zero (ENZ) graded index quasi-optical devices: steering and splitting millimeter waves", published in the Journal of Optics. The devices utilised stacks of narrow hollow waveguides to created graded-index ENZ (GRIN-ENZ) media. The use of ENZ materials suggests that compact devices can be realised with good transmission efficiency.